Book of the Bible

2 Corinthians

Paul defends his ministry and appeals to the Corinthians after a painful conflict.

What the sources say, and how sure we are

  • The text says

    Paul describes a painful visit and a tearful letter, and writes from Macedonia after meeting Titus. He urges the Corinthians to complete their gift for the believers in Jerusalem.2 Cor 2:1–4; 2 Cor 7:5–7; 2 Cor 8–9

  • Debated

    Many scholars think 2 Corinthians combines more than one letter, for example chapters 10–13 as a separate and harsher letter, because the tone changes sharply. Others read it as one letter written in stages.2 Cor 10–13

  • Debated

    Scholars also disagree about which letter the “tearful letter” was: 1 Corinthians, a lost letter, or part of 2 Corinthians.2 Cor 2:3–4